Minimally invasive techniques for many different kinds of surgeries are becoming more popular. But for neck and low-back herniated disc procedures, McMaster University researchers have found the minimally invasive route may not be better than traditional open surgery.
At least 5 per cent of the population is affected by neck and lower back spinal disc diseases that cause pain, disability and loss of income.
When nonsurgical treatment fails, doctors sometimes recommend surgery. Traditional procedures to remove herniated disc material, called "open" discectomies, are already done through "relatively small incisions."
"There's been a trend toward minimally invasive procedures, and that's not unique to spine surgery," said lead researcher Nathan Evaniew, a physician who is a research fellow in orthopedics and a PhD student in health research methodologies at McMaster's Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine. "We suspected that the current trends were not supported by high-quality trials."
The researchers reviewed existing trials and found that while minimally invasive procedures can lower recovery time and pain, they don't improve patients' long-term function or reduce their long-term pain compared to traditional open discectomy.
Moreover, minimally invasive procedures require extra training and equipment, and there are more risks for technical complications, the researchers found.
The study was published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal Open, the CMAJ's online, open-access journal.
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